Thiamin – Vitamin B1

Thiamin (thiamine), or vitamin B1, is a water-soluble vitamin found naturally in some foods, added to foods, and sold as a supplement.

Benefits

Vitamin B1, or thiamin, helps prevent complications in the nervous system, brain, muscles, heart, stomach, and intestines. It is also involved in the flow of electrolytes into and out of muscle and nerve cells. It helps prevent diseases such as beriberi, which involves disorders of the heart, nerves, and digestive system.

Uses in medicine

Patients who may receive thiamin to treat low levels of vitamin B1 include those with peripheral neuritis, which is an inflammation of the nerves outside the brain, or pellagra.

Symptoms appearing with mild to moderate deficiency:

• Weight loss
• Confusion, memory loss
• Muscle weakness
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Lowered immunity

 

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)

Cobalamin or Cyanocobalamin Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is one of 8 B vitamins. All B vitamins help the body convert food (carbohydrates) into fuel (glucose), which is used to produce energy. These B vitamins, often referred to as B complex vitamins, also help the body use fats and protein. B complex vitamins are needed for healthy skin, hair, eyes, and liver. They also help the nervous system function properly.

Low levels of B12 can cause a range of symptoms including:

• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• Diarrhea
• Nervousness
• Numbness
• Tingling sensation in the fingers and toes

Severe deficiency of B12 causes nerve damage.

Who's at Risk of a Vitamin B12 Deficiency?

People who are likely to be deficient in vitamin B12 are older people who don’t produce enough hydrochloric acid in their stomach to absorb the vitamin naturally through food.  

INFORMATION ABOUT BIOTIN

Overview Vitamin C

Vitamin C is an essential vitamin that must be consumed in the diet. Good sources include fresh fruits and vegetables, especially citrus fruits.

Vitamin C is needed for the body to develop and function properly. It plays an important role in immune function. Most experts recommend getting vitamin C from the diet rather than taking supplements. Fresh oranges and fresh-squeezed orange juice are good sources. Historically, vitamin C was used for preventing and treating scurvy. Today, people most commonly use vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold. It's also used for autism, breast cancer, heart disease and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support many of these uses.

Effective for Vitamin C deficiency.

Taking vitamin C by mouth or injecting it as a shot prevents and treats vitamin C deficiency, including scurvy. Also, taking vitamin C can reverse problems associated with scurvy. Only a healthcare provider can inject vitamin C as a shot.

What is vitamin C mainly used for?

Overview. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a nutrient your body needs to form blood vessels, cartilage, muscle and collagen in bones. Vitamin C is also vital to your body's healing process.

What are  benefits of vitamin C?

• May reduce your risk of chronic disease. ...
• May help manage high blood pressure. ...
• May lower your risk of heart disease. ...
• May reduce blood uric acid levels and help prevent gout attacks. ...
• Helps prevent iron deficiency. ...
• Boosts immunity. ...
• Protects your memory and thinking as you age.

When applied topically, vitamin C accelerates the production of both collagen and elastin, which help keep the skin plump and firm. Topical vitamin C can help prevent premature aging of the skin, restoring a youthful, smooth appearance to the skin. Vitamins are a group of substances that are needed for normal cell function, growth, and development. There are 13 essential vitamins. This means that these vitamins are required for the body to work properly. Vitamin C promotes hair health, reduces hair loss and improves hair growth. Vitamin C deficiency can also result in dry hair and split ends

Vitamins and minerals are considered essential nutrients—because acting in concert, they perform hundreds of roles in the body. They help shore up bones, heal wounds, and bolster your immune system. They also convert food into energy, and repair cellular damage.

Risk factors for deficiency include alcohol intake, tobacco use, low-income, male gender, patients on hemodialysis, and those with overall poor nutritional status. Although vitamin C deficiency is common, even in industrialized countries, overt scurvy is rare  

Information about :: Vitamin D

Vitamin D (ergocalciferol-D2, cholecalciferol-D3, alfacalcidol) is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps your body absorb calcium and phosphorus.

Having the right amount of vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus is important for building and keeping strong bones. Vitamin D is used to treat and prevent bone disorders (such as rickets, osteomalacia).

How should this medicine be used?

Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) comes as a capsule, gel capsule, chewable gel (gummy), tablet, and liquid drops to take by mouth. It is usually taken once or twice daily depending on the preparation, your age, and your medical condition(s). Cholecalciferol is available without a prescription, but your doctor may prescribe cholecalciferol to treat certain conditions. Check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking a cholecalciferol (vitamin D) supplement.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

When cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is used to treat and prevent bone diseases, you should eat and drink of foods and drinks that are rich in calcium. If you find it difficult to eat enough calcium-rich foods, tell your doctor. In that case, your doctor can prescribe or recommend a calcium supplement.

Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) may cause side effects

• loss of appetite
• weight loss
• nausea
• vomiting
• constipation